Toolbox

Phase 1: AssessmentPhase 1. Assess the context of the urban planning process (political, social, economic, legal, etc.) and of the territory in which the plan will be developed.
Phase 2: PlanPhase 2. Develop the technical document for different types of plans: Strategic Development Plan, Land Management Plan, Neighbourhood Plan.
Phase 3: OperationalisationPhase 3. Operationalise the plan and projects: programming, enabling mechanisms and action plan.
Phase 4: ImplementationPhase 4. Establish the mechanisms and processes for the implementation and monitoring of the plan and projects.

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Economic Impact Analysis

1 week

Toolbox Themes

Urban financeConsider financing components and mechanisms throughout the urban planning process, to strengthen municipal finances and promote the successful implementation of plans.

Objectives

To analyse and assess how the expected project-related investments in certain economic sectors can ripple throughout other sectors, providing a comprehensive understanding of potential direct, indirect, and induced effects in the city’s economy.

Results

A comprehensive report detailing the potential economic impacts of a project or initiative included in the plan
Identification of key sectors that might be most affected
Projection of employment and output effects related to the project

Description

The Economic Impact Analysis (EIA) leverages the intricacies of the input-output tables that national authorities, bureaus and institutes of statistics tend to conduct regularly, revealing interrelationships within the national economy. It examines how activities in one sector affect other sectors, both as suppliers (input) and consumers (output). Given the interrelated nature of economic affairs, an injection (or withdrawal) of capital in, let’s say, the construction sector will also impact directly (hiring employees and buying materials) and indirectly (generating income in its suppliers) other sectors such as financial and insurance activities, information and communication, or electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply. Therefore, this tool will assist municipalities in understanding the broader implications of the implementation of the strategic projects and initiatives included in the plan, providing them with data-driven insights to make informed decisions.

The process encompasses the use of various matrices such as the Intermediate demand matrix, Final demand matrix, Value-added matrix, and Production matrix. It also utilises foundational elements like the Leontief and Identity matrices to derive the Leontief inverse, which then helps in calculating the multipliers, the coefficients that capture the impact an investment will have in the overall economy. The purpose of this process is to understand how the investment on the strategic project and initiatives can bring economic benefits to other sectors as well, creating an economic ripple effect.

By understanding these interrelationships and the potential multipliers, city planners and decision-makers can anticipate how projects may stimulate (or detract from) local economic activity, guiding them in making more strategically sound decisions, and preparing them better to present compelling project proposals to higher-level authorities or to potential donors and partners.

Note: The tools for this activity are currently under development and will include a comprehensive template and advanced analytical tools to facilitate a more user-friendly and efficient economic impact analysis process.

Steps

Gather and analyse the existing input-output table (suppliers (input) and consumers (output)) for the relevant region or municipality.
Define the project or initiative's economic input (e.g., the amount of investment or withdrawal).
Utilise the Leontief Matrix to determine direct proportional relationships among various sectors.
Apply the Identity Matrix and calculate the Leontief inverse to understand the cumulative effects.
Derive multipliers to estimate the broader economic impact of the proposed change in spending or investment.
Interpret the results and draft a comprehensive EIA report, detailing potential economic benefits, job creation, and other relevant impacts from the plan's implementation
Present findings to stakeholders and incorporate feedback.